World cities map 2004
Results are derived from the activities of 80 leading firms providing advanced producer services across 315 cities worldwide (i.e. the input is 80 x 315 = 25,200 pieces of information). The results should be interpreted as indicating the importance of cities as nodes in the world city network (i.e. enabling corporate globalisation).
Alpha++
- London
- New York
Alpha+
- Hong Kong
- Paris
- Tokyo
- Singapore
Alpha
- Toronto
- Chicago
- Madrid
- Frankfurt
- Milan
- Amsterdam
- Brussels
- Sao Paulo
- Los Angeles
- Zurich
- Sydney
Alpha-
- Mexico City
- Kuala Lumpur
- Buenos Aires
- San Francisco
- Beijing
- Shanghai
- Seoul
- Taipei
- Melbourne
- Bangkok
- Jakarta
- Dublin
- Munich
- Warsaw
- Stockholm
- Mumbai
- Miami
- Budapest
Beta+
- Santiago
- Moscow
- Prague
- Vienna
- Düsseldorf
- Barcelona
- Johannesburg
- Hamburg
- Berlin
Beta
- Washington DC
- Luxembourg
- Atlanta
- Istanbul
- Athens
- Montreal
- Dubai
- Bogota
- Rome
- Lisbon
- Cairo
Beta-
- Caracas
- Dallas
- Auckland
- Vancouver
- Geneva
- New Delhi
- Boston
- Houston
- Rio de Janeiro
Gamma+
- Oslo
- Manila
- Beirut
- Helsinki
- Copenhagen
- Montevideo
- Stuttgart
- Lima
- Bratislava
- Philadelphia
- Seattle
- Tel Aviv
- Bangalore
- Bucharest
Gamma
- Brisbane
- Chennai
- Cape Town
- Minneapolis
- Calgary
- Manchester
- Abu Dhabi
- Detroit
- Bristol
- San Diego
- Karachi
Gamma-
- Birmingham
- Perth
- Port Louis
- Nicosia
- Cleveland
- Rotterdam
- Edinburgh
- San José (Costa Rica)
- Guangzhou
- Guatemala City
- Denver
- Jeddah
- Riyadh
- San Salvador
- Osaka
- Quito
High Sufficiency
- Lyon
- Calcutta
- Wellington
- Adelaide
- Ho Chi Minh City
- Zagreb
- Kiev
- Charlotte
- Sofia
- Colombo
- Baltimore
- Amman
- Hamilton (Bermuda)
- Hanoi
- Belfast
- Cologne
- Phoenix
- Panama City
- Glasgow
- Tampa
- Leeds
- Cincinnati
- Lille
- Antwerp
- Limassol
- Pittsburgh
- Guayaquil
- Manama
- Portland
- Almaty
- Labuan
- Christchurch
- Turin
- Bordeaux
- Casablanca
- Kuwait
- Dresden
- Tunis
- Malmo
- Liverpool
- St Louis
- Guadalajara
- Newcastle
- Seville
- Lagos
- Southampton
- Belgrade
- Brazilia
- Honolulu
- San Jose (CA)
Sufficiency
- Porto Alegre
- Hannover
- Dar es Salaam
- Buffalo
- Doha
- Cardiff
- Nassau
- Indianapolis
- Tallinn
- Nairobi
- Ljubljana
- Strasbourg
- Leipzig
- Hyderabad
- Santo Domingo
- Lahore
- New Orleans
- Durban
- Macau
- Gaborone
- Canberra
- Valencia
- Basel
- Shenzen
- Bologna
- Tehran
- Riga
- Ottawa
- Marseille
- Ruwi
- Nottingham
- Aberdeen
- Sacramento
- Lausanne
- Kansas City
- St Petersburg
- Rochester (NY)
- Tijuana
- Harare
- Genoa
- La Paz
- Kingston
- Managua
- Richmond
- Edmonton
- Vilnius
- Medellin
- Naples
- Bilbao
- Curitiba
- Accra
- Nagoya
- Hartford (CT)
- Kampala
- Tashkent
- Las Vegas
- Bergen
- Windhoek
- Baku
- Yokohama
- Kyoto
- Suva
- Luanda
- Reykjavik
- Belo Horizonte
- Islamabad
- Utrecht
- Norwich
- Douala
- Pretoria